Antihistamines (Anxiolytic)
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Overview
Certain first-generation antihistamines, particularly hydroxyzine, are used for their anxiolytic and sedative properties. They work by blocking histamine H1 receptors in the central nervous system, producing sedation and reducing anxiety without the dependency risks associated with benzodiazepines.
How do antihistamines (anxiolytic) work?
Hydroxyzine is a first-generation antihistamine that crosses the blood-brain barrier and blocks central H1 histamine receptors, producing anxiolytic and sedative effects. It also has anticholinergic (muscarinic receptor antagonism) and anti-serotonergic (5-HT2A antagonism) properties that may contribute to its anxiolytic effects. Unlike benzodiazepines, it does not act on GABA receptors and carries no risk of physical dependence.
Drugs in this class
- Hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax)